I am uploading one poem which was in my hindi textbook during my 6th std.It is one of my favourite inspirational poem ,during my school days,so thought of uploading it.Also at the end of the poem ,i have attached a link ,which tests how much intelligient u are.Click on the link to know about ur intelligience.By seeing it,u will know how much intelligient I am.
KOSHISH KARNE WALON KI HAAR NAHI HOTI
Lehron se Darkar nauka par nahin hoti,
koshish karne walon ki haar nahin hoti,
Nanhi cheenti jab daana lekar chalti hai,
chadhti deewaron par, sau bar phisalti hai.
Man ka vishwas ragon mein saahas bharta hai,
chadhkar girna, girkar chadhna na akharta hai.
Akhir uski mehnat bekar nahin hoti,
koshish karne walon ki haar nahin hoti.
Dubkiyan sindhu mein gotakhor lagata hai,
ja ja kar khali haath lautkar aata hai,
Milte nahi sahaj hi moti gehre paani mein,
badhta dugna utsah isi hairani mein.
Muthi uski khali har bar nahin hoti,
koshish karne walon ki haar nahi hoti.
Asaflta ek chunauti hai, ise sweekar karo,
kya kami reh gayi, dekho aur sudhar karo.
Jab tak na safal ho, neend chain ko tyago tum,
Sangharsh ka maidan chhodkar mat bhago tum.
Kuch kiye bina hi jai jaikar nahin hoti,
Koshish karne walon ki haar nahin hoti.
Click on the link given below to check ur intelligience,It will also show my intelligience.
http://piv.pivpiv.dk/
Sunday, May 31, 2009
Wednesday, May 27, 2009
WHY INDIA IS STILL A DEVELOPING NATION ??
I was writing my project report when my friend pavan send me this mail.A must read as it explains one of the reasons for india still being a developing nation.
why are we still a developing nation...
The Ant works hard in the withering heat all summer building its house and laying up supplies for the winter.
The Grasshopper thinks the Ant is a fool and laughs & dances & plays the summer away.
Come winter, the Ant is warm and well fed. The Grasshopper has no food or shelter so he dies out in the cold.
*Indian Version:**
The Ant works hard in the withering heat all summer building its house and laying up supplies for the winter.
The Grasshopper thinks the Ant's a fool and laughs & dances & plays the summer away.
Come winter, the shivering Grasshopper calls a press conference and demands to know why the Ant should be allowed to be warm and well fed while others are cold and starving.
NDTV, BBC, CNN show up to provide pictures of the shivering Grasshopper next to a video of the Ant in his comfortable home with a table filled with food.
The World is stunned by the sharp contrast. How can this be that this poor Grasshopper is allowed to suffer so?
Arundhat Roy stages a demonstration in front of the Ant's house.*
Medha Patkar goes on a fast along with other Grasshoppers demanding that Grasshoppers be relocated to warmer climates during winter.
Mayawati states this as `injustice' done on Minorities.
Amnesty International and Koffi Annan criticize the Indian Government for not upholding the fundamental rights of the Grasshopper.
The Internet is flooded with online petitions seeking support to the Grasshopper (many promising Heaven and Everlasting Peace for prompt support as against the wrath of God for non-compliance) .
Opposition MPs stage a walkout. Left parties call for ' Bengal Bandh' in West Bengal and Kerala demanding a Judicial Enquiry.
CPM in Kerala immediately passes a law preventing Ants from working hard in the heat so as to bring about equality of poverty among Ants and Grasshoppers.
Lalu Prasad allocates one free coach to Grasshoppers on all Indian Railway Trains, aptly named as the 'Grasshopper Rath'.
Finally, the Judicial Committee drafts the ' Prevention of Terrorism Against Grasshoppers Act' [POTAGA], with effect from the beginning of the winter.
Arjun Singh makes 'Special Reservation ' for Grasshoppers in Educational Institutions & in Government Services.
The Ant is fined for failing to comply with POTAGA and Ants having nothing left to pay his retroactive taxes, it's home is confiscated by the Government and handed over to the Grasshopper in a ceremony covered by NDTV.
Arundhati Roy calls it ' A Triumph of Justice'.
Lalu calls it 'Socialistic Justice '.
CPM calls it the ' Revolutionary Resurgence of the Downtrodden '
Koffi Annan invites the Grasshopper to address the UN General Assembly. **
Many years later....**
The Ant has since migrated to the US and set up a multi-billion dollar company in Silicon Valley ,
100s of Grasshoppers still die of starvation despite reservation somewhere in India ,
AND THATS WHY INDIA IS DEVELOPING COUNTRY
(BECAUSE OF THIS RESERVATIONS (CASTE))
I AM NOT GOING TO DELETE THIS ARTICLE ,NO MATTER WHOEVER SAYS, AS THIS IS THE TRUTH ,SO IF ANY ONE WITH RESERVATION OR CASTE WHO ARE READING THIS ARTICLE ,PLEASE READ IT CAREFULLY ,I KNOW THAT CASTE PEOPLE WILL NOT LIKE THIS ARTICLE ,BUT U HAVE TO ACCEPT IT ,AS "TRUTH IS ALWAYS BITTER " AND THIS IS ONE OF THE TRUTH FOR INDIA STILL BEING A DEVELOPING COUNTRY.BY THE WAY ,FOR THOSE PEOPLE (MOSTLY RESERVED PEOPLE) WHO HAVE NOT UNDERSTOOD IT,GRASSHOPPER RESEMBLES RESERVED (ESPECIALLY THOSE WHO DONT KNOW ANYHTING BUT GET ALL THE BENEFITS BECAUSE OF THEIR CASTE) WHILE ANTS RESEMBLES UNRESERVED(OPEN CATEGORY) .
why are we still a developing nation...
The Ant works hard in the withering heat all summer building its house and laying up supplies for the winter.
The Grasshopper thinks the Ant is a fool and laughs & dances & plays the summer away.
Come winter, the Ant is warm and well fed. The Grasshopper has no food or shelter so he dies out in the cold.
*Indian Version:**
The Ant works hard in the withering heat all summer building its house and laying up supplies for the winter.
The Grasshopper thinks the Ant's a fool and laughs & dances & plays the summer away.
Come winter, the shivering Grasshopper calls a press conference and demands to know why the Ant should be allowed to be warm and well fed while others are cold and starving.
NDTV, BBC, CNN show up to provide pictures of the shivering Grasshopper next to a video of the Ant in his comfortable home with a table filled with food.
The World is stunned by the sharp contrast. How can this be that this poor Grasshopper is allowed to suffer so?
Arundhat Roy stages a demonstration in front of the Ant's house.*
Medha Patkar goes on a fast along with other Grasshoppers demanding that Grasshoppers be relocated to warmer climates during winter.
Mayawati states this as `injustice' done on Minorities.
Amnesty International and Koffi Annan criticize the Indian Government for not upholding the fundamental rights of the Grasshopper.
The Internet is flooded with online petitions seeking support to the Grasshopper (many promising Heaven and Everlasting Peace for prompt support as against the wrath of God for non-compliance) .
Opposition MPs stage a walkout. Left parties call for ' Bengal Bandh' in West Bengal and Kerala demanding a Judicial Enquiry.
CPM in Kerala immediately passes a law preventing Ants from working hard in the heat so as to bring about equality of poverty among Ants and Grasshoppers.
Lalu Prasad allocates one free coach to Grasshoppers on all Indian Railway Trains, aptly named as the 'Grasshopper Rath'.
Finally, the Judicial Committee drafts the ' Prevention of Terrorism Against Grasshoppers Act' [POTAGA], with effect from the beginning of the winter.
Arjun Singh makes 'Special Reservation ' for Grasshoppers in Educational Institutions & in Government Services.
The Ant is fined for failing to comply with POTAGA and Ants having nothing left to pay his retroactive taxes, it's home is confiscated by the Government and handed over to the Grasshopper in a ceremony covered by NDTV.
Arundhati Roy calls it ' A Triumph of Justice'.
Lalu calls it 'Socialistic Justice '.
CPM calls it the ' Revolutionary Resurgence of the Downtrodden '
Koffi Annan invites the Grasshopper to address the UN General Assembly. **
Many years later....**
The Ant has since migrated to the US and set up a multi-billion dollar company in Silicon Valley ,
100s of Grasshoppers still die of starvation despite reservation somewhere in India ,
AND THATS WHY INDIA IS DEVELOPING COUNTRY
(BECAUSE OF THIS RESERVATIONS (CASTE))
I AM NOT GOING TO DELETE THIS ARTICLE ,NO MATTER WHOEVER SAYS, AS THIS IS THE TRUTH ,SO IF ANY ONE WITH RESERVATION OR CASTE WHO ARE READING THIS ARTICLE ,PLEASE READ IT CAREFULLY ,I KNOW THAT CASTE PEOPLE WILL NOT LIKE THIS ARTICLE ,BUT U HAVE TO ACCEPT IT ,AS "TRUTH IS ALWAYS BITTER " AND THIS IS ONE OF THE TRUTH FOR INDIA STILL BEING A DEVELOPING COUNTRY.BY THE WAY ,FOR THOSE PEOPLE (MOSTLY RESERVED PEOPLE) WHO HAVE NOT UNDERSTOOD IT,GRASSHOPPER RESEMBLES RESERVED (ESPECIALLY THOSE WHO DONT KNOW ANYHTING BUT GET ALL THE BENEFITS BECAUSE OF THEIR CASTE) WHILE ANTS RESEMBLES UNRESERVED(OPEN CATEGORY) .
Monday, May 18, 2009
INSPIRATIONAL VIDEOS FROM MOVIES AND SPORTS
First of all ,i want to thank all the readers of this blog for reading .Some of my articles are selected by one of the leading article publisher website buzzle.com and they are going to publish it in their website .I will send you all the links once my articles got published.
I am uploading some of my favourite inspirational videos from movies and sports. To view the videos properly open http://www.examcracker.blogspot.com/, otheraise you will not see the videos.You cannot view the videos in your gmail ,i hope you know that as Gmail is only a mail service.
1.) MOVIE:PURSUIT OF HAPP'Y'NESS
This is a true life story of Chris Gardner who is now a billionaire in US,but how in his past he struggles as a salesman and his fight to become a share broker .Excellent acting by Will Smith (of all the movies of Will Smith i saw ,this was his best till now i think).
The video which i am uploading is the scene where Chris Gardner explain to his small kid about how to win in life. "You got a dream .Protect it.People can't do some things themselves,they will tell u that u can't do it,let these people go to hell,If u want something ,Go ,Get it"
2.) MOVIE NAME: ROCKY BALBOA
Rocky movies played by Slyvestar Stallone are based on true stories of 1952 boxer Rocky Marciano who was undefeated boxer at that time.Rocky Marciano was a shoe maker by profession and his life story is very good inspiration for others. There was one more thing about Rocky Marciano which made him world famous. Rocky Marciano used to train for many hours in a day without 15 minute breaks in between during practice.I mean after some hours of boxing practice ,every boxer used to take 15 minute breaks but Rocky Marciano was an exception.Every other boxer used to laugh on him due to this reason.
When he became the world boxing champion,one person asked him that whats the reason behind his success.Rocky Marciano replied that the extra 15 minutes which i practiced more made all the difference between me and the other boxers.
The video which i am uploading is the scene where Rocky tells to his son about how the people in this world will react when u win and loose. "Life is not about winning ,its about how hard you get hit,take the blow and still keep moving forward.When u loose something do not blame on others that because of u i lost,accept the defeat,fight back and win ,this is how winners win"
3.) DEREK REDMOND 1992 OLYMPICS (MY MOST FAVOURITE SPORTS VIDEO)(MUST WATCH)
Derek Redmond participated in the 1992 Olympics ,in 400m race.Unfortunately he feels cramp in his legs and stops running in between the race.He stands again and completes the race though he finishes in last position.He becomes world famous and even Nike makes an commercial ad on him.What made him world famous is that he completed the race,though he knew there was no use of it.
What we learn from this is that Life is a race,it does not matter whether we win or loose in race,what matters most is keep on running the race even when others have stopped running-->by pranav(The Underdog).
4.)DONT QUIT POEM
5.) LAW OF ATTRACTION:
6.) MICHEAL JORDAN:(SUCCESS)
7.) INSPIRATIONAL AD
I am uploading some of my favourite inspirational videos from movies and sports. To view the videos properly open http://www.examcracker.blogspot.com/, otheraise you will not see the videos.You cannot view the videos in your gmail ,i hope you know that as Gmail is only a mail service.
1.) MOVIE:PURSUIT OF HAPP'Y'NESS
This is a true life story of Chris Gardner who is now a billionaire in US,but how in his past he struggles as a salesman and his fight to become a share broker .Excellent acting by Will Smith (of all the movies of Will Smith i saw ,this was his best till now i think).
The video which i am uploading is the scene where Chris Gardner explain to his small kid about how to win in life. "You got a dream .Protect it.People can't do some things themselves,they will tell u that u can't do it,let these people go to hell,If u want something ,Go ,Get it"
2.) MOVIE NAME: ROCKY BALBOA
Rocky movies played by Slyvestar Stallone are based on true stories of 1952 boxer Rocky Marciano who was undefeated boxer at that time.Rocky Marciano was a shoe maker by profession and his life story is very good inspiration for others. There was one more thing about Rocky Marciano which made him world famous. Rocky Marciano used to train for many hours in a day without 15 minute breaks in between during practice.I mean after some hours of boxing practice ,every boxer used to take 15 minute breaks but Rocky Marciano was an exception.Every other boxer used to laugh on him due to this reason.
When he became the world boxing champion,one person asked him that whats the reason behind his success.Rocky Marciano replied that the extra 15 minutes which i practiced more made all the difference between me and the other boxers.
The video which i am uploading is the scene where Rocky tells to his son about how the people in this world will react when u win and loose. "Life is not about winning ,its about how hard you get hit,take the blow and still keep moving forward.When u loose something do not blame on others that because of u i lost,accept the defeat,fight back and win ,this is how winners win"
3.) DEREK REDMOND 1992 OLYMPICS (MY MOST FAVOURITE SPORTS VIDEO)(MUST WATCH)
Derek Redmond participated in the 1992 Olympics ,in 400m race.Unfortunately he feels cramp in his legs and stops running in between the race.He stands again and completes the race though he finishes in last position.He becomes world famous and even Nike makes an commercial ad on him.What made him world famous is that he completed the race,though he knew there was no use of it.
What we learn from this is that Life is a race,it does not matter whether we win or loose in race,what matters most is keep on running the race even when others have stopped running-->by pranav(The Underdog).
4.)DONT QUIT POEM
5.) LAW OF ATTRACTION:
6.) MICHEAL JORDAN:(SUCCESS)
7.) INSPIRATIONAL AD
Sunday, May 17, 2009
MYTHS AND FACTS REGARDING EMBEDDED FIELD
I just got bored after 6 hrs of continously playing online game WARCRAFT-DOTA and now i have no mood to do work about my project (actually i never have the mood to work for my project,but compulsory i have to do so to get the so called MTECH degree after my name).Though my brain is not working properly now ( i mean most of the times it does not work),than also instead of sleeping ,i thought to write this blog.
Ya,this blog is mainly for the freshers(beginners) who are just entering into embedded domain or will be joining newly in some embedded company. I have been working in embedded domain for the past one year (college MTECH project) and I have worked in two companies TCS and CASP in embedded domain at both application and board level and also got some amount of experience I think uhmm..( not much from TCS ,but definitely a lot of from the other company CASP).
I will be telling you the myths and the facts of embedded and also some tips as what should you prepare before entering an embedded company so that you will not face the problems which I faced.
First lets us discuss some myths:
MYTH NO 1:(TOP MYTH)
If you ask an electronics guy, which field you want to enter,most of them will say i want to go in core (i.e non -programming field) in vlsi or embedded field,before i was also one of them.
PLEASE REMOVE THE CORE WORD TAG FOR EMBEDDED AND VLSI field,as both the fields require a lot of programming and there is no Embedded and VLSI without programming (exception is there if you work in VLSI field backend job(routing,chip design etc),but that jobs are very less in India and thats why we call India a developing country.
If you see embedded field, its fully programming in C mostly sometimes C++ and in VLSI field you will work on VHDL,VERILOG i.e system C which are almost similar to C only little syntax changes and all that concurrency funda which u find in VHDL and not in C.
Myth No 2:
If tommorrow someone says to you that i am embedded engineer ,i work on hardware board most of time,he is telling you a joke.
About 90 % of job in embedded, you will be involved in writing and modifying the code ,and 10 % of job is porting that code on the h/w board.So most of the time you will wasting in making your code compatible with your board( almost all ur time) ,thats the real work of embedded engineer to make your code compatible with the board u r using.
Embedded engineers most of the times get readymade code from s/w vendors,they seldom write their own code but they have to modify the code according to client needs .
Then you may ask whats the use of h/w board ,problem is for compatability purpose ,we have to know little bit about the architecture of the board and do some modifications in the code.(Now a days ,that also you do not have to do,due to WIN CE OS ,ur platform builder IDE will give a readymade design template of the application you want to build.You just have to right click add the driver or component which you want to add to ur OS image).
The H/w board design job is done by VLSI backend engineers as where to place IC on the board,routing etc,its not embedded person job,so dont think u r going design the board in embedded.Also the VLSI frontend people, work only in functional simulation and synthesis part ,its not impossible to get the VLSI backend job,but it requires a lot of years of experience and opportunities in india for backend are very less.
Myth No 3:
If someone says to you,i have been in embedded for 1 year and i have designed a driver,he is telling u another joke(i mean exceptions are there ,some einstein people but very few).You cannot write the code of driver by getting one year of experience,it requires very good knowledge of both the h/w and s/w and only after getting many years of experience in embedded field u can do that.By the way ,you must be knowing what i mean by driver,for those who do not ,a driver means an interface which acts between your H/W and S/w application,i mean to say that its a code ,which makes ur S/w application compatible and could be understood by underlying hardware.for eg :graphics,sound driver.So writing a driver is not a kids play, understanding the driver code itself written by someone else takes a lot of time.
Now time for some facts:
FACT NO 1:
First of all let me tell you do not get overwhelmed if you get an embedded job.I mean people are in seventh heaven when they get embedded or vlsi job ,after entering the job they realise that they have entered hell.
FACT NO 2:
When u say embedded u say it in broad terms,what i mean to say is that, embedded is further divided in sub-divisions like embedded automotive,embedded mobile,embedded DSP ,embedded communication.So it does not meam that u r have master of embedded automotive ,u will be master of embedded DSP also.I know this as I have worked in TCS in embedded automotive and now in CASP ,i am working in embedded DSP.
FACT NO 3:
I will enjoy life in embedded .If ur meaning of enjoying is that u will get free time,u will go for outing in weekends,than this is not the field.I mean if u want such a field than go for java ,oracle,mainframe etc.In VLSI and Embedded, word enjoy means u enjoy ur work.From my personal experience,in this two fields ,u do not get any free time,even when u will come home ,u will be thinking of ur office work as work in embedded and vlsi are not like u update some limited number of databases and than enjoy.There is no guarantee that the work u r doing in embedded and vlsi will succeed (most number of times u will fail in your work,but thats the main thing in life that u have to rise each time u fall).
There are always two ways which you choose in life.Either u go for money,name ,fame etc or u go for knowledge.From my personal experience,i prefer that if u want to go in embedded ,vlsi fields in the beginning ,go for some small company job,where u will get project exposure and also full project knowledge.In big companies,u will be working on small modules and do not get to know about other modules going in the project.
This i am saying ,as i was in TCS in so called Research and Development department in embedded automotive and i know what kind of research goes in TCS .I do not want to comment on it but i felt the other small company CASP is very good, as i got very good project as well as client exposure,i mean we used to have tele-conference calls directly with the client on every monday to discuss our problems and also got a lot of knowledge in embedded DSP field better than TCS . This is my point of view,i am not criticizing any company,if u like to go in big companies than u r free to go.But my thinking is u take good starting experience in small company and than jump to big company ,it uses the same concept of maths if ur basic formulas are not clear,how would u solve the sum.
THINGS FOR FRESHERS :
Regarding things u should know (or its better to know ) before entering embedded company for fresher are:
A.) Programming lang:
1.) C (Good knowledge required mostly in structures and pointers) (people will say Embedded C ,but i will tell u that C and Embedded C are almost similar only the later deals with lot of macros and handle concept) as i have done Embedded C course and i did not found much difference between both.
2.) C++ added advantage,though its not necessary as mostly u will be coding in C
3.) Visual C++(MFC):For designing of GUI in embedded ,just similar to Visual Basic
2.) Operating System:
1.) LINUX (any one as u wish ,TCS uses OPEN SUSE but u can go for FEDORA ,UBUNTU),I mean its not necessary to learn kernel level coding just try to do some simple programs on GCC compiler
2.) Win CE 6.0:this is the latest embedded real time OS by microsoft,will be added advantage if u know,just basics how to use platform builder IDE ,how to port the code,how to add components and drivers to ur OS design, it has lot of demand in market,u can get 120 days evaluation period version on microsoft website,u can learn it from online help or Win CE docs,no classes necessary,i learn it in 10 days.
IDE:
1.)Visual Studio 2005:This IDE is not imp from embedded point of view as each H/W board supports its own IDE ,for eg: Texas Instruments support Code Composer Studio,Motorola supports CodeWarrior etc,but the GUI which u will design in embedded will be in Visual C++(MFC) u will design it in Visual Studio only
2.) Platform Buider IDE:this IDE is used with Win CE and has inbuilt visual studio for build and debug the code,Once u download Win CE ,u will get information on this also
3.) Code Composer Studio 3. 3: This IDE helps in building and debugging the code for most of Texas Instrument Board like C62XX,C64XX series and most of the companies will use TI boards only, so its better to learn this IDE
Foreign Languages: German(level A1 ) and Japanese(speak)
Regarding foreign lang,its good to know at least one foreign lang,as embedded clients are mostly german and japanese like sony,nissan in automotive market .I know to speak japanese a little bit (konichiwa) and soon going to join German(level A1) course.If u want ,i will teach u how to speak german and japanese after 3 months at very less fees (only 100).Whether its dollar,pound it will decided by type of student.If student is girl than it will be in Rs,if boy it will be in arabian dollar.
At last ,the big blog regarding embedded is completed.One more good news is that my article on Multi-tasking capability of brain(DUAL BRAIN) is selected by leading article publisher website buzzle.com and ezlines.com and soon they are going to publish it in thier website.I will send u all, the link when it get published.Well ,I am thinking to write articles as my part time job(just kidding)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The article above is written fully by me,not copied from anywhere ,if there are some mistakes regarding embedded ,feel free to express as i will also update my little knowledge about embedded.Also if u want embedded knowledge regarding any topic ,ask me i am always ready
Ya,this blog is mainly for the freshers(beginners) who are just entering into embedded domain or will be joining newly in some embedded company. I have been working in embedded domain for the past one year (college MTECH project) and I have worked in two companies TCS and CASP in embedded domain at both application and board level and also got some amount of experience I think uhmm..( not much from TCS ,but definitely a lot of from the other company CASP).
I will be telling you the myths and the facts of embedded and also some tips as what should you prepare before entering an embedded company so that you will not face the problems which I faced.
First lets us discuss some myths:
MYTH NO 1:(TOP MYTH)
If you ask an electronics guy, which field you want to enter,most of them will say i want to go in core (i.e non -programming field) in vlsi or embedded field,before i was also one of them.
PLEASE REMOVE THE CORE WORD TAG FOR EMBEDDED AND VLSI field,as both the fields require a lot of programming and there is no Embedded and VLSI without programming (exception is there if you work in VLSI field backend job(routing,chip design etc),but that jobs are very less in India and thats why we call India a developing country.
If you see embedded field, its fully programming in C mostly sometimes C++ and in VLSI field you will work on VHDL,VERILOG i.e system C which are almost similar to C only little syntax changes and all that concurrency funda which u find in VHDL and not in C.
Myth No 2:
If tommorrow someone says to you that i am embedded engineer ,i work on hardware board most of time,he is telling you a joke.
About 90 % of job in embedded, you will be involved in writing and modifying the code ,and 10 % of job is porting that code on the h/w board.So most of the time you will wasting in making your code compatible with your board( almost all ur time) ,thats the real work of embedded engineer to make your code compatible with the board u r using.
Embedded engineers most of the times get readymade code from s/w vendors,they seldom write their own code but they have to modify the code according to client needs .
Then you may ask whats the use of h/w board ,problem is for compatability purpose ,we have to know little bit about the architecture of the board and do some modifications in the code.(Now a days ,that also you do not have to do,due to WIN CE OS ,ur platform builder IDE will give a readymade design template of the application you want to build.You just have to right click add the driver or component which you want to add to ur OS image).
The H/w board design job is done by VLSI backend engineers as where to place IC on the board,routing etc,its not embedded person job,so dont think u r going design the board in embedded.Also the VLSI frontend people, work only in functional simulation and synthesis part ,its not impossible to get the VLSI backend job,but it requires a lot of years of experience and opportunities in india for backend are very less.
Myth No 3:
If someone says to you,i have been in embedded for 1 year and i have designed a driver,he is telling u another joke(i mean exceptions are there ,some einstein people but very few).You cannot write the code of driver by getting one year of experience,it requires very good knowledge of both the h/w and s/w and only after getting many years of experience in embedded field u can do that.By the way ,you must be knowing what i mean by driver,for those who do not ,a driver means an interface which acts between your H/W and S/w application,i mean to say that its a code ,which makes ur S/w application compatible and could be understood by underlying hardware.for eg :graphics,sound driver.So writing a driver is not a kids play, understanding the driver code itself written by someone else takes a lot of time.
Now time for some facts:
FACT NO 1:
First of all let me tell you do not get overwhelmed if you get an embedded job.I mean people are in seventh heaven when they get embedded or vlsi job ,after entering the job they realise that they have entered hell.
FACT NO 2:
When u say embedded u say it in broad terms,what i mean to say is that, embedded is further divided in sub-divisions like embedded automotive,embedded mobile,embedded DSP ,embedded communication.So it does not meam that u r have master of embedded automotive ,u will be master of embedded DSP also.I know this as I have worked in TCS in embedded automotive and now in CASP ,i am working in embedded DSP.
FACT NO 3:
I will enjoy life in embedded .If ur meaning of enjoying is that u will get free time,u will go for outing in weekends,than this is not the field.I mean if u want such a field than go for java ,oracle,mainframe etc.In VLSI and Embedded, word enjoy means u enjoy ur work.From my personal experience,in this two fields ,u do not get any free time,even when u will come home ,u will be thinking of ur office work as work in embedded and vlsi are not like u update some limited number of databases and than enjoy.There is no guarantee that the work u r doing in embedded and vlsi will succeed (most number of times u will fail in your work,but thats the main thing in life that u have to rise each time u fall).
There are always two ways which you choose in life.Either u go for money,name ,fame etc or u go for knowledge.From my personal experience,i prefer that if u want to go in embedded ,vlsi fields in the beginning ,go for some small company job,where u will get project exposure and also full project knowledge.In big companies,u will be working on small modules and do not get to know about other modules going in the project.
This i am saying ,as i was in TCS in so called Research and Development department in embedded automotive and i know what kind of research goes in TCS .I do not want to comment on it but i felt the other small company CASP is very good, as i got very good project as well as client exposure,i mean we used to have tele-conference calls directly with the client on every monday to discuss our problems and also got a lot of knowledge in embedded DSP field better than TCS . This is my point of view,i am not criticizing any company,if u like to go in big companies than u r free to go.But my thinking is u take good starting experience in small company and than jump to big company ,it uses the same concept of maths if ur basic formulas are not clear,how would u solve the sum.
THINGS FOR FRESHERS :
Regarding things u should know (or its better to know ) before entering embedded company for fresher are:
A.) Programming lang:
1.) C (Good knowledge required mostly in structures and pointers) (people will say Embedded C ,but i will tell u that C and Embedded C are almost similar only the later deals with lot of macros and handle concept) as i have done Embedded C course and i did not found much difference between both.
2.) C++ added advantage,though its not necessary as mostly u will be coding in C
3.) Visual C++(MFC):For designing of GUI in embedded ,just similar to Visual Basic
2.) Operating System:
1.) LINUX (any one as u wish ,TCS uses OPEN SUSE but u can go for FEDORA ,UBUNTU),I mean its not necessary to learn kernel level coding just try to do some simple programs on GCC compiler
2.) Win CE 6.0:this is the latest embedded real time OS by microsoft,will be added advantage if u know,just basics how to use platform builder IDE ,how to port the code,how to add components and drivers to ur OS design, it has lot of demand in market,u can get 120 days evaluation period version on microsoft website,u can learn it from online help or Win CE docs,no classes necessary,i learn it in 10 days.
IDE:
1.)Visual Studio 2005:This IDE is not imp from embedded point of view as each H/W board supports its own IDE ,for eg: Texas Instruments support Code Composer Studio,Motorola supports CodeWarrior etc,but the GUI which u will design in embedded will be in Visual C++(MFC) u will design it in Visual Studio only
2.) Platform Buider IDE:this IDE is used with Win CE and has inbuilt visual studio for build and debug the code,Once u download Win CE ,u will get information on this also
3.) Code Composer Studio 3. 3: This IDE helps in building and debugging the code for most of Texas Instrument Board like C62XX,C64XX series and most of the companies will use TI boards only, so its better to learn this IDE
Foreign Languages: German(level A1 ) and Japanese(speak)
Regarding foreign lang,its good to know at least one foreign lang,as embedded clients are mostly german and japanese like sony,nissan in automotive market .I know to speak japanese a little bit (konichiwa) and soon going to join German(level A1) course.If u want ,i will teach u how to speak german and japanese after 3 months at very less fees (only 100).Whether its dollar,pound it will decided by type of student.If student is girl than it will be in Rs,if boy it will be in arabian dollar.
At last ,the big blog regarding embedded is completed.One more good news is that my article on Multi-tasking capability of brain(DUAL BRAIN) is selected by leading article publisher website buzzle.com and ezlines.com and soon they are going to publish it in thier website.I will send u all, the link when it get published.Well ,I am thinking to write articles as my part time job(just kidding)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The article above is written fully by me,not copied from anywhere ,if there are some mistakes regarding embedded ,feel free to express as i will also update my little knowledge about embedded.Also if u want embedded knowledge regarding any topic ,ask me i am always ready
INSPIRATIONAL STORIES OF GREAT PERSONS (MUST READ)
THIS WAS A MAN WHO
¢failed in business at the age of 21 ;
¢was defeated in a legislative race at age 22;
¢failed again in business at age 24;
¢overcame the death of his sweetheart at age 26;
¢ had a nervous breakdown at age 27;
¢lost a congressional race at age 34;
¢lost a senatorial race at age 45;
¢failed in an effort to become vice-president at age 47;
¢lost a senatorial race at age 49; and
¢was elected president of the United States at age 52.
This man was Abraham Lincoln
EVERY SUCCESS STORY IS A STORY OF GREAT FAILURE
¢Henry Ford was broke at the age of 40.
¢Lee Iacocca was fired by Henry Ford II at the age of 54.
¢Young Beethoven was told that he had no talent for music, but he gave some of the best music to the world.
¢In 1913, Lee De Forest, inventor of the triodes tube, was charged by the district attorney for using fraudulent means to mislead the public into buying stocks of his company by claiming that he could transmit the human voice across the Atlantic. He was publicly humiliated.
¢As a young cartoonist, Walt Disney faced many rejections from newspaper editors, who said he had no talent. One day a minister at a church hired him to draw some cartoons. Disney was working out of a small mouse infested shed near the church. After seeing a small mouse, he was inspired. That was the start of Mickey Mouse.
¢A New York Times editorial on December 10, 1903, questioned the wisdom of the Wright Brothers who were trying to invent a machine, heavier than air, that would fly. One week later, at Kitty Hawk, the Wright Brothers took their famous flight.
¢One day a partially deaf four year old kid came home with a note in his pocket from his teacher, "Your Tommy is too stupid to learn, get him out of the school." His mother read the note and answered, "My Tommy is not stupid to learn, I will teach him myself." And that Tommy grew up to be the great Thomas Edison. Thomas Edison had only three months of formal schooling and he was partially deaf.
¢In 1914, Thomas Edison, at age 67, lost his factory, which was worth a few million dollars, to fire. It had very little insurance. No longer a young man, Edison watched his lifetime effort go up in smoke and said, "There is great value in disaster. All our mistakes are burnt up. Thank God we can start anew." In spite of disaster, three weeks later, he invented the phonograph.
What an attitude!
LUCK SHINES ON THE DESERVING
¢Alexander Graham Bell was desperately trying to invent a hearing aid for his partially deaf wife. He failed at inventing a hearing aid but in the process discovered the principles of the telephone. You wouldn't call someone like that lucky, would you?Good luck is when opportunity meets preparation. Without effort and preparation, lucky coincidences don't happen.
¢Turn Scars into Stars - Some of the best music was composed by Beethoven. What was his handicap? He was deaf. Some of the best poetry written on nature was written by Milton. What was his handicap? He was blind. One of the greatest world leaders was US President Franklin D. Roosevelt. What was his handicap? He served from a wheelchair.
Learn Intelligent Ignorance
I'm looking for a lot of men with an infinite capacity for not knowing what cannot be done. --Henry Ford
Henry Ford gave this world the V8 engine. He did not have much formal education. In fact, he did not go to school beyond the age of 14. He was intelligent enough to know there had to be a V8 engine but he was ignorant and didn't know how to build it. So he asked all his highly qualified, educated people to build one. But they told him what could be done and what couldn't. According to them, a V8 was an impossibility. But Henry Ford insisted on having his V8. A few months later he asked his people if they had the V8 and they replied, "We know what can be done and we also know what cannot be done and V8 is an impossibility." This went on for many months and still Henry Ford said, "I want my V8." And shortly thereafter the same people produced his V8 engine.
Become Internally Driven, Not Externally Driven
No one can make you feel inferior without your permission.
--Eleanor Roosevelt
There is a story about an ancient Indian sage who was called ugly names by a passerby. The sage listened unperturbed till the man ran out of words. He asked the man, "If an offering is not accepted, who does it belong to?" The man replied, "It belongs to the person who offered it." The sage said, "I refuse to accept your offering," and walked away, leaving the man dazed. The sage was internally driven.
Have patience
In China there is a bamboo tree which is planted, watered and fertilized for the first four years and nothing happens. There is no visible sign of growth. But sometime during the fifth year, the bamboo tree grows about 90 feet in six weeks. The question is: Did the bamboo tree grow in six weeks or did it take five years to grow even though there was no visible sign it was taking root in the ground?
LIFE IS AN ECHO
Many years ago two boys were working their way through Stanford University. Their funds got desperately low, and the idea came to them to engage Ignacy Paderewski for a piano recital. They would use the funds to help pay their board and tuition.The great pianist's manager asked for a guarantee ofÄ$2,000.The guarantee was a lot of money in those days, but the boys agreed and proceeded to promote the concert. They worked hard, only to find that they had grossed only $1,600.
After the concert the two boys told the great artist the bad news. They gave him the entire $1,600, along with a promissory note for $400, explaining that they would earn the amount at the earliest possible moment and send the money to him. It looked like the end of their college careers.
"No, boys," replied Paderewski, "that won't do." Then, tearing the note in two, he returned the money to them as well. "Now," he told them, "take out of this $1,600 all of your expenses and keep for each of you 10 percent of the balance for your work. Let me have the rest.“
The years rolled by. World War I came and went. Paderewski, now premier of Poland, was striving to feed thousands of starving people in his native land. The only person in the world who could help him was Herbert Hoover, who was in charge of the US Food and Relief Bureau. Hoover responded and soon thousands of tons of food were sent to Poland.
After the starving people were fed, Paderewski journeyed to Paris to thank Hoover for the relief sent him.
"That's all right, Mr. Paderewski ," was Hoover's reply. "Besides, you don't remember it, but you helped me once when I was a student at college, and I was in trouble."
WE SEE THINGS NOT THE WAY THEY ARE BUT THE WAY WE ARE
There is a legend about a wise man who was sitting outside his village. A traveler came up and asked him, "What kind of people live in this village, because I am looking to move from my present one?" The wise man asked, "What kind of people live where you want to move from?" The man said, "They are mean, cruel, rude." The wise man replied, "The same kind of people live in this village too." After some time another traveler came by and asked the same question and the wise man asked him, "What kind of people live where you want to move from?" And the traveler replied, "The people are very kind, courteous, polite and good." The wise man said, "You will find the same kind of people here too."
ALL THE ABOVE INSPIRATIONAL STORIES ARE PUBLISHED BY OUR AUTHOR SHRISHAIL HIREMATH
¢failed in business at the age of 21 ;
¢was defeated in a legislative race at age 22;
¢failed again in business at age 24;
¢overcame the death of his sweetheart at age 26;
¢ had a nervous breakdown at age 27;
¢lost a congressional race at age 34;
¢lost a senatorial race at age 45;
¢failed in an effort to become vice-president at age 47;
¢lost a senatorial race at age 49; and
¢was elected president of the United States at age 52.
This man was Abraham Lincoln
EVERY SUCCESS STORY IS A STORY OF GREAT FAILURE
¢Henry Ford was broke at the age of 40.
¢Lee Iacocca was fired by Henry Ford II at the age of 54.
¢Young Beethoven was told that he had no talent for music, but he gave some of the best music to the world.
¢In 1913, Lee De Forest, inventor of the triodes tube, was charged by the district attorney for using fraudulent means to mislead the public into buying stocks of his company by claiming that he could transmit the human voice across the Atlantic. He was publicly humiliated.
¢As a young cartoonist, Walt Disney faced many rejections from newspaper editors, who said he had no talent. One day a minister at a church hired him to draw some cartoons. Disney was working out of a small mouse infested shed near the church. After seeing a small mouse, he was inspired. That was the start of Mickey Mouse.
¢A New York Times editorial on December 10, 1903, questioned the wisdom of the Wright Brothers who were trying to invent a machine, heavier than air, that would fly. One week later, at Kitty Hawk, the Wright Brothers took their famous flight.
¢One day a partially deaf four year old kid came home with a note in his pocket from his teacher, "Your Tommy is too stupid to learn, get him out of the school." His mother read the note and answered, "My Tommy is not stupid to learn, I will teach him myself." And that Tommy grew up to be the great Thomas Edison. Thomas Edison had only three months of formal schooling and he was partially deaf.
¢In 1914, Thomas Edison, at age 67, lost his factory, which was worth a few million dollars, to fire. It had very little insurance. No longer a young man, Edison watched his lifetime effort go up in smoke and said, "There is great value in disaster. All our mistakes are burnt up. Thank God we can start anew." In spite of disaster, three weeks later, he invented the phonograph.
What an attitude!
LUCK SHINES ON THE DESERVING
¢Alexander Graham Bell was desperately trying to invent a hearing aid for his partially deaf wife. He failed at inventing a hearing aid but in the process discovered the principles of the telephone. You wouldn't call someone like that lucky, would you?Good luck is when opportunity meets preparation. Without effort and preparation, lucky coincidences don't happen.
¢Turn Scars into Stars - Some of the best music was composed by Beethoven. What was his handicap? He was deaf. Some of the best poetry written on nature was written by Milton. What was his handicap? He was blind. One of the greatest world leaders was US President Franklin D. Roosevelt. What was his handicap? He served from a wheelchair.
Learn Intelligent Ignorance
I'm looking for a lot of men with an infinite capacity for not knowing what cannot be done. --Henry Ford
Henry Ford gave this world the V8 engine. He did not have much formal education. In fact, he did not go to school beyond the age of 14. He was intelligent enough to know there had to be a V8 engine but he was ignorant and didn't know how to build it. So he asked all his highly qualified, educated people to build one. But they told him what could be done and what couldn't. According to them, a V8 was an impossibility. But Henry Ford insisted on having his V8. A few months later he asked his people if they had the V8 and they replied, "We know what can be done and we also know what cannot be done and V8 is an impossibility." This went on for many months and still Henry Ford said, "I want my V8." And shortly thereafter the same people produced his V8 engine.
Become Internally Driven, Not Externally Driven
No one can make you feel inferior without your permission.
--Eleanor Roosevelt
There is a story about an ancient Indian sage who was called ugly names by a passerby. The sage listened unperturbed till the man ran out of words. He asked the man, "If an offering is not accepted, who does it belong to?" The man replied, "It belongs to the person who offered it." The sage said, "I refuse to accept your offering," and walked away, leaving the man dazed. The sage was internally driven.
Have patience
In China there is a bamboo tree which is planted, watered and fertilized for the first four years and nothing happens. There is no visible sign of growth. But sometime during the fifth year, the bamboo tree grows about 90 feet in six weeks. The question is: Did the bamboo tree grow in six weeks or did it take five years to grow even though there was no visible sign it was taking root in the ground?
LIFE IS AN ECHO
Many years ago two boys were working their way through Stanford University. Their funds got desperately low, and the idea came to them to engage Ignacy Paderewski for a piano recital. They would use the funds to help pay their board and tuition.The great pianist's manager asked for a guarantee ofÄ$2,000.The guarantee was a lot of money in those days, but the boys agreed and proceeded to promote the concert. They worked hard, only to find that they had grossed only $1,600.
After the concert the two boys told the great artist the bad news. They gave him the entire $1,600, along with a promissory note for $400, explaining that they would earn the amount at the earliest possible moment and send the money to him. It looked like the end of their college careers.
"No, boys," replied Paderewski, "that won't do." Then, tearing the note in two, he returned the money to them as well. "Now," he told them, "take out of this $1,600 all of your expenses and keep for each of you 10 percent of the balance for your work. Let me have the rest.“
The years rolled by. World War I came and went. Paderewski, now premier of Poland, was striving to feed thousands of starving people in his native land. The only person in the world who could help him was Herbert Hoover, who was in charge of the US Food and Relief Bureau. Hoover responded and soon thousands of tons of food were sent to Poland.
After the starving people were fed, Paderewski journeyed to Paris to thank Hoover for the relief sent him.
"That's all right, Mr. Paderewski ," was Hoover's reply. "Besides, you don't remember it, but you helped me once when I was a student at college, and I was in trouble."
WE SEE THINGS NOT THE WAY THEY ARE BUT THE WAY WE ARE
There is a legend about a wise man who was sitting outside his village. A traveler came up and asked him, "What kind of people live in this village, because I am looking to move from my present one?" The wise man asked, "What kind of people live where you want to move from?" The man said, "They are mean, cruel, rude." The wise man replied, "The same kind of people live in this village too." After some time another traveler came by and asked the same question and the wise man asked him, "What kind of people live where you want to move from?" And the traveler replied, "The people are very kind, courteous, polite and good." The wise man said, "You will find the same kind of people here too."
ALL THE ABOVE INSPIRATIONAL STORIES ARE PUBLISHED BY OUR AUTHOR SHRISHAIL HIREMATH
GOOD INSPIRATIONAL QUOTES (MUST READ)
The WAYs
“To every man there openeth
A way, and ways, and a way.
And the high soul climbs the high way,
And the low soul gropes the low:
And in between, on the misty flats,
The rest drift to and fro.
But to every man there openeth
A high way and a low,
And every man decideth
The way his soul shall go.”
CAST OF CHARACTERS
I Can't is a quitter,
I Don't Know is lazy,
I Wish I Could is a wisher,
I Might is waking up,
I Will Try is on his feet,
I Can is on his way,
I Will is at work,
I Did is now the boss.
Believing in You ( GOOD ONE,MUST READ)
Never stop believing in yourself.
When others doubt, don't you.
Do what you love to do,
No one knows better than you.
Life is too short to live others' dreams
Follow your own dream
Push yourself to reach your goals
And live the life you once dreamed.
Trust your instincts.
Storms Bring Out The Eagles But The Little Birds Take Cover (GOOD ONE,MUST READ)
When the "storms of life" gather darkly ahead,
I think of these wonderful words I once read
And I say to myself as "threatening clouds" hover
Don't "fold up your wings" and "run for cover"
But like the eagle "spread wide your wings"
and "soar far above" the trouble life brings,
For the eagle knows that the higher he flies
The more tranquil and brighter become the skies...
And there is nothing in life God ever asks us to bear
That we can't soar above "On the Wings of Prayer,"
And in looking back over the "storm you passed through"
You'll find you gained strength and new courage, too,
For in facing "life's storms" with an eagle's wings
You can fly far above earth's small, petty things.
Be true to yourself.
You know what is right for you.
Never give up or give in.
Forget the words "I don't know how".
You can learn,
You can research,
You can do.
Your mind is powerful.
When you believe you can.
You will find a way
You won't waste a day.
Persist and persevere
Do not fear
Because if you believe in you
You will find dreams can come true.
May all your dreams turn into goals,
Believe in yourself.
And remember, all of life is a choice.
The decision is up to you.
ALL THE ABOVE QUOTES ARE POSTED BY CHANDRA BHUSHAN PAL ,MTECH (VLSI),IT BHU
Regarding our author ,Chandra Bhushan Pal, Bhushan was my friend when i was doing my engineering in mumbai.In my group ,he was the most talented and simple kid.If you want to know any concepts regarding Electronics ask Bhushan,he mostly knows all the fundas.Also this kid has scored AIR around 400 in GATE when he was doing job in TCS.He is also one of the hardworking kid who never gives up ,but there is no need for him to fight back like me because he always wins(hehe....)
In our BTech project group ,he and pavan were the only one who did everything about the project though we brought the project from outside .And i think still the H/w of our project is with pavan and till now he must have sold it and earned money from it.Hey pavan,i also contributed Rs 2000 in that project,give me also little money which you have earned (just kidding).
“To every man there openeth
A way, and ways, and a way.
And the high soul climbs the high way,
And the low soul gropes the low:
And in between, on the misty flats,
The rest drift to and fro.
But to every man there openeth
A high way and a low,
And every man decideth
The way his soul shall go.”
CAST OF CHARACTERS
I Can't is a quitter,
I Don't Know is lazy,
I Wish I Could is a wisher,
I Might is waking up,
I Will Try is on his feet,
I Can is on his way,
I Will is at work,
I Did is now the boss.
Believing in You ( GOOD ONE,MUST READ)
Never stop believing in yourself.
When others doubt, don't you.
Do what you love to do,
No one knows better than you.
Life is too short to live others' dreams
Follow your own dream
Push yourself to reach your goals
And live the life you once dreamed.
Trust your instincts.
Storms Bring Out The Eagles But The Little Birds Take Cover (GOOD ONE,MUST READ)
When the "storms of life" gather darkly ahead,
I think of these wonderful words I once read
And I say to myself as "threatening clouds" hover
Don't "fold up your wings" and "run for cover"
But like the eagle "spread wide your wings"
and "soar far above" the trouble life brings,
For the eagle knows that the higher he flies
The more tranquil and brighter become the skies...
And there is nothing in life God ever asks us to bear
That we can't soar above "On the Wings of Prayer,"
And in looking back over the "storm you passed through"
You'll find you gained strength and new courage, too,
For in facing "life's storms" with an eagle's wings
You can fly far above earth's small, petty things.
Be true to yourself.
You know what is right for you.
Never give up or give in.
Forget the words "I don't know how".
You can learn,
You can research,
You can do.
Your mind is powerful.
When you believe you can.
You will find a way
You won't waste a day.
Persist and persevere
Do not fear
Because if you believe in you
You will find dreams can come true.
May all your dreams turn into goals,
Believe in yourself.
And remember, all of life is a choice.
The decision is up to you.
ALL THE ABOVE QUOTES ARE POSTED BY CHANDRA BHUSHAN PAL ,MTECH (VLSI),IT BHU
Regarding our author ,Chandra Bhushan Pal, Bhushan was my friend when i was doing my engineering in mumbai.In my group ,he was the most talented and simple kid.If you want to know any concepts regarding Electronics ask Bhushan,he mostly knows all the fundas.Also this kid has scored AIR around 400 in GATE when he was doing job in TCS.He is also one of the hardworking kid who never gives up ,but there is no need for him to fight back like me because he always wins(hehe....)
In our BTech project group ,he and pavan were the only one who did everything about the project though we brought the project from outside .And i think still the H/w of our project is with pavan and till now he must have sold it and earned money from it.Hey pavan,i also contributed Rs 2000 in that project,give me also little money which you have earned (just kidding).
INSPIRATIONAL POEMS (MUST READ)
WINNER VS LOSER
The Winner is always part of the answer;
The Loser is always part of the problem.
The Winner always has a program;
The Loser always has an excuse.
The Winner says, "Let me do it for you";
The Loser says, "That is not my job."
The Winner sees an answer for every problem;
The Loser sees a problem for every answer.
When a Winner makes a mistake, he says, "I was wrong";
When a Loser makes a mistake, he says, "It wasn't my fault."
A Winner makes commitments;
A Loser makes promises.
Winners say, "I must do something";
Losers say, "Something must be done."
IF YOU THINK
If you think you are beaten, you are.
If you think you dare not, you don't!
If you like to win, but think you can't,
It's almost a cinch you won't.
If you think you'll lose, you're lost;
For out in the world we find
Success begins with a fellow's will;
It's all in the state of mind.
If you think you are outclassed, you are,
You've got to think high to rise,
You've got to be sure of yourself before
You can ever win a prize.
Life's battles don't always go
To the stronger and faster man,
But sooner or later the man who wins
Is the man who thinks he can.
DON’T QUIT POEM (This is my most favourite poem ,If u want to watch the video of this inspirational song ,go in my(PRANAV) orkut account in my videos section,i have uploaded it from youtube)
When things go wrong,
As they sometimes will,
When the road you're trudging seems all uphill,
When the funds are low and the debts are high,
And you want to smile, but you have to sigh,
When care is pressing you down a bit
Rest if you must, but don't you quit.
Life is queer with its twists and turns,
As every one of us sometimes learns,
And many a failure turns about
When he might have won had he stuck it out.
Don't give up though the pace seems slow
You may succeed with another blow.
Success is failure turned inside out
The silver tint of the clouds of doubt,
And you never can tell how close you are,
It may be near when it seems so far ;
So stick to the fight when you're hardest hit
It's when things seem worst that you mustn't quit.
LUCK
He worked by day
And toiled by night.
He gave up play
And some delight.
Dry books he read,
New things to learn.
And forged ahead,
Success to earn.
He plodded on with
Faith and pluck;
And when he won,
Men called it luck.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Especially the above poem LUCK is based on me(PRANAV) ,i studied so hard for GATE and when i scored 96.04 % ,most of the people thought i was lucky ,therefore i gave GATE again last year and scored 97.02%.By the way,there is no such thing like LUCK ,if you work hard than only you will have luck otherwise not.
ALL THE ABOVE INSPIRATIONAL POEMS WERE POSTED BY SRISHAIL HIREMATH (MTECH (DSP) ,NIT ROURKELA)
I (PRANAV) had told Shri to post something on my blog and he mailed me this inspirational poems which i have uploaded above.Thanks for mailing me Shri.
Regarding shrishail(i call him shri) ,he is from Bangalore,shri was my room-mate when i was studying for GATE exam in Hyderabad. From him ,i have learn how to stay always happy and calm in any kind of situation.Also he was my favourite as we both had one more thing in common,this kid also does not like to give up in life and is ready to fight back and win whatever he has lost.
We both were staying in a very small room (space for only two beds and some books can fit ) in Venkateshwara hostel in hyderabad at that time.I still remember those days , when we used to study from morning to night.Shri was a night watchman(he is used to study till late in night till 3 am ,at that time i used to dream abt ......????, i mean i used to sleep at 11 pm ) .I used to wake up at 6 am and strt studying when shri is used to dream abt .....????
Shri is a strong follower of Subhash chandra bose,there were photos of subhash chandra bose and swami vivekananda and their famous quotes pasted on our room wall at that time which used to give motivation to us if we got bored of studying.
I still have his photo of Subhash chandra Bose ,and i have pasted it in my room.
The Winner is always part of the answer;
The Loser is always part of the problem.
The Winner always has a program;
The Loser always has an excuse.
The Winner says, "Let me do it for you";
The Loser says, "That is not my job."
The Winner sees an answer for every problem;
The Loser sees a problem for every answer.
When a Winner makes a mistake, he says, "I was wrong";
When a Loser makes a mistake, he says, "It wasn't my fault."
A Winner makes commitments;
A Loser makes promises.
Winners say, "I must do something";
Losers say, "Something must be done."
IF YOU THINK
If you think you are beaten, you are.
If you think you dare not, you don't!
If you like to win, but think you can't,
It's almost a cinch you won't.
If you think you'll lose, you're lost;
For out in the world we find
Success begins with a fellow's will;
It's all in the state of mind.
If you think you are outclassed, you are,
You've got to think high to rise,
You've got to be sure of yourself before
You can ever win a prize.
Life's battles don't always go
To the stronger and faster man,
But sooner or later the man who wins
Is the man who thinks he can.
DON’T QUIT POEM (This is my most favourite poem ,If u want to watch the video of this inspirational song ,go in my(PRANAV) orkut account in my videos section,i have uploaded it from youtube)
When things go wrong,
As they sometimes will,
When the road you're trudging seems all uphill,
When the funds are low and the debts are high,
And you want to smile, but you have to sigh,
When care is pressing you down a bit
Rest if you must, but don't you quit.
Life is queer with its twists and turns,
As every one of us sometimes learns,
And many a failure turns about
When he might have won had he stuck it out.
Don't give up though the pace seems slow
You may succeed with another blow.
Success is failure turned inside out
The silver tint of the clouds of doubt,
And you never can tell how close you are,
It may be near when it seems so far ;
So stick to the fight when you're hardest hit
It's when things seem worst that you mustn't quit.
LUCK
He worked by day
And toiled by night.
He gave up play
And some delight.
Dry books he read,
New things to learn.
And forged ahead,
Success to earn.
He plodded on with
Faith and pluck;
And when he won,
Men called it luck.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Especially the above poem LUCK is based on me(PRANAV) ,i studied so hard for GATE and when i scored 96.04 % ,most of the people thought i was lucky ,therefore i gave GATE again last year and scored 97.02%.By the way,there is no such thing like LUCK ,if you work hard than only you will have luck otherwise not.
ALL THE ABOVE INSPIRATIONAL POEMS WERE POSTED BY SRISHAIL HIREMATH (MTECH (DSP) ,NIT ROURKELA)
I (PRANAV) had told Shri to post something on my blog and he mailed me this inspirational poems which i have uploaded above.Thanks for mailing me Shri.
Regarding shrishail(i call him shri) ,he is from Bangalore,shri was my room-mate when i was studying for GATE exam in Hyderabad. From him ,i have learn how to stay always happy and calm in any kind of situation.Also he was my favourite as we both had one more thing in common,this kid also does not like to give up in life and is ready to fight back and win whatever he has lost.
We both were staying in a very small room (space for only two beds and some books can fit ) in Venkateshwara hostel in hyderabad at that time.I still remember those days , when we used to study from morning to night.Shri was a night watchman(he is used to study till late in night till 3 am ,at that time i used to dream abt ......????, i mean i used to sleep at 11 pm ) .I used to wake up at 6 am and strt studying when shri is used to dream abt .....????
Shri is a strong follower of Subhash chandra bose,there were photos of subhash chandra bose and swami vivekananda and their famous quotes pasted on our room wall at that time which used to give motivation to us if we got bored of studying.
I still have his photo of Subhash chandra Bose ,and i have pasted it in my room.
Saturday, May 16, 2009
HOW TO DESIGN A SIMPLE GAME USING VISUAL C++(MFC)
Now a days ,gaming industry is booming and gaming has become a career where you can earn a lot by either designing games by becoming game designer or by just playing games by becoming game tester.
But the problem is there is no proper guidance ,i mean the resources available in net are very less.There are very few sites which teach you the game designing course and if you think of joining classes for game designing than forget about india all the classes are situated in US.Some gaming sites will charge you heavily for game designing course if you apply for it.Some may even give you guidance i mean which books to read ,which s/w to use etc but no gaming site gives you the source code of the game ,they will only provide you the exe file.
I will give you some tips on how to design the game as well the source code of my two new designed games Road Rage(racing) and Memory(puzzle) in VC++(MFC) written by me from scratch without anyone's help .I know that the game will look simple to play,but writting the code behind it, is really hectic job and writting the game code is the worst job ,therefore you will see that sucessful game programmers are the most heavily paid people in the world ,you do not become a game programmer by designing 2-3 games or if you know programming languages like C,C++,JAVA etc.It takes many years of experience to design big games ,but you can easily start with small games first.
A game programmer should not only be master in programming language like Advanced C,C++ as many games are written using this languages but should also have a knowledge of Dirext X(graphics),Game Engine(the environment behind the game on which your game works),Networking (LAN and multiplayer online gaming) and sometimes Embedded(if you are porting the full game on platforms like Nintendo,XBox etc)
Dont worry i will teach you the easiest way to design game though it requires lot of programming in C++,i have used Visual C++(MFC) programming language,Visual C++(MFC) is just similar to Visual Basic ,but it is used mostly by embedded engineers in designing GUI as they are comfortable with C++ and also they are lazy to learn new language like Visual Basic.
S/w Requirement:
IDE:VISUAL STUDIO 2005
The reason why i am using Visual Studio 2005 because you can create directly a MFC project by selecting MFC project from create new project menu in Visual Studio IDE
I have commented many things in the source code,so it will be easy for everyone to understand the code .It took me 2-3 months to design the Road Rage game from scratch as i was just begginner.After that, Memory game i did in 1 day.Once you become comfortable with designing of one game ,you can do design other games easily.
Also remember complete designing of one game fully,do not leave the game in between and start designing a new game.
The main game logic(i am only giving you certain API (functions) which will be useful in designing in all games):
1.) Move Window() API: You create an object for eg in racing game its car(button).Apply this API and give the x,y co-ordinates in which direction your car can move
for eg:
for(i=0,i<50,i=i+2) { car.MoveWindow(0,0,i,0); // MoveWindow(x,y,x1,y1) x,y:initial position, (x1,y1):final position } The above function will move your car(object) in horizontal direction from i(0,0) to i(50,o),you will see your car moving ,also if you want to increase the speed of the car increase the i value from 2 to 4,6,8 .
2.) Destroy Window() API: Now your car crashes with your opponent ,so the car button should be destroyed or for eg:in any shooting game,your bullet has hit the opponent ,so your opponent (object) should be destroyed(deleted) . Just call the API opponent.DestroyWindow(), it will automatically delete the opponent object .
I know that this things will be going bouncer to some of you ,but i have tried my best to explain you ,other things i have explained in the code. Remember game programming is not easy like playing the game ,but it requires that you love playing games as you will get ideas regarding designing it.
I have been playing games since my childhood and i am a game freak.I have been known as 'DARK MESSAIH ' ,'EXTRIMIST','UNDERDOG' ,'THE SLASHER' in many games,If u play online games like GUNZ-DUEL,WARCRAFT-DOTA,UNREAL TOURNAMENT you will know me by this names I was the clan master of clan named ADDICTED in game GUNZ-DUEL which was world No 2 clan ranking in 2007,Name:EXTRIMIST,Level-82.If you have played that game than you will knowing me definitely as i must have slashed you many times with my favourite sword KATANA .
Here is the link where you will find my source code : http://en.pudn.com/downloads158/sourcecode/game/detail703390_en.html
I hope you will have pudn account.My username is andrew on pudn (story of why i choose this username ,i will tell u afterwards).You know that for downloading from this site you have to upload your 5 own source codes of any thing you have designed.If you do not have the pudn account,contact me i will give you my pudn password .
Actually i had also uploaded my games source code on codeproject.com and codeguru.com,but due to huge response(people started asking many questions ) so i deleted from those sites.
Anyways if u cannot download them,give me your email,i will personally send you to your address.
NOTE:You require VISUAL STUDIO 2005 IDE to build and run the game
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
This article is written by me ,i have not copied from anywhere,you can use my source code freely, no objections from me,only thing is do not go on telling everyone that you have written the code,at least leave some credit to the author (i.e me) who wasted a lot of his time in designing this game
But the problem is there is no proper guidance ,i mean the resources available in net are very less.There are very few sites which teach you the game designing course and if you think of joining classes for game designing than forget about india all the classes are situated in US.Some gaming sites will charge you heavily for game designing course if you apply for it.Some may even give you guidance i mean which books to read ,which s/w to use etc but no gaming site gives you the source code of the game ,they will only provide you the exe file.
I will give you some tips on how to design the game as well the source code of my two new designed games Road Rage(racing) and Memory(puzzle) in VC++(MFC) written by me from scratch without anyone's help .I know that the game will look simple to play,but writting the code behind it, is really hectic job and writting the game code is the worst job ,therefore you will see that sucessful game programmers are the most heavily paid people in the world ,you do not become a game programmer by designing 2-3 games or if you know programming languages like C,C++,JAVA etc.It takes many years of experience to design big games ,but you can easily start with small games first.
A game programmer should not only be master in programming language like Advanced C,C++ as many games are written using this languages but should also have a knowledge of Dirext X(graphics),Game Engine(the environment behind the game on which your game works),Networking (LAN and multiplayer online gaming) and sometimes Embedded(if you are porting the full game on platforms like Nintendo,XBox etc)
Dont worry i will teach you the easiest way to design game though it requires lot of programming in C++,i have used Visual C++(MFC) programming language,Visual C++(MFC) is just similar to Visual Basic ,but it is used mostly by embedded engineers in designing GUI as they are comfortable with C++ and also they are lazy to learn new language like Visual Basic.
S/w Requirement:
IDE:VISUAL STUDIO 2005
The reason why i am using Visual Studio 2005 because you can create directly a MFC project by selecting MFC project from create new project menu in Visual Studio IDE
I have commented many things in the source code,so it will be easy for everyone to understand the code .It took me 2-3 months to design the Road Rage game from scratch as i was just begginner.After that, Memory game i did in 1 day.Once you become comfortable with designing of one game ,you can do design other games easily.
Also remember complete designing of one game fully,do not leave the game in between and start designing a new game.
The main game logic(i am only giving you certain API (functions) which will be useful in designing in all games):
1.) Move Window() API: You create an object for eg in racing game its car(button).Apply this API and give the x,y co-ordinates in which direction your car can move
for eg:
for(i=0,i<50,i=i+2) { car.MoveWindow(0,0,i,0); // MoveWindow(x,y,x1,y1) x,y:initial position, (x1,y1):final position } The above function will move your car(object) in horizontal direction from i(0,0) to i(50,o),you will see your car moving ,also if you want to increase the speed of the car increase the i value from 2 to 4,6,8 .
2.) Destroy Window() API: Now your car crashes with your opponent ,so the car button should be destroyed or for eg:in any shooting game,your bullet has hit the opponent ,so your opponent (object) should be destroyed(deleted) . Just call the API opponent.DestroyWindow(), it will automatically delete the opponent object .
I know that this things will be going bouncer to some of you ,but i have tried my best to explain you ,other things i have explained in the code. Remember game programming is not easy like playing the game ,but it requires that you love playing games as you will get ideas regarding designing it.
I have been playing games since my childhood and i am a game freak.I have been known as 'DARK MESSAIH ' ,'EXTRIMIST','UNDERDOG' ,'THE SLASHER' in many games,If u play online games like GUNZ-DUEL,WARCRAFT-DOTA,UNREAL TOURNAMENT you will know me by this names I was the clan master of clan named ADDICTED in game GUNZ-DUEL which was world No 2 clan ranking in 2007,Name:EXTRIMIST,Level-82.If you have played that game than you will knowing me definitely as i must have slashed you many times with my favourite sword KATANA .
Here is the link where you will find my source code : http://en.pudn.com/downloads158/sourcecode/game/detail703390_en.html
I hope you will have pudn account.My username is andrew on pudn (story of why i choose this username ,i will tell u afterwards).You know that for downloading from this site you have to upload your 5 own source codes of any thing you have designed.If you do not have the pudn account,contact me i will give you my pudn password .
Actually i had also uploaded my games source code on codeproject.com and codeguru.com,but due to huge response(people started asking many questions ) so i deleted from those sites.
Anyways if u cannot download them,give me your email,i will personally send you to your address.
NOTE:You require VISUAL STUDIO 2005 IDE to build and run the game
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
This article is written by me ,i have not copied from anywhere,you can use my source code freely, no objections from me,only thing is do not go on telling everyone that you have written the code,at least leave some credit to the author (i.e me) who wasted a lot of his time in designing this game
Friday, May 15, 2009
HOW TO CREATE A SIMPLE VIRUS ON WINDOWS XP
First of all i want to tell you that its not a virus but a windows xp bug.
The virus which i will create will shut down your PC if you click on it .I will also explain you how it works.
Steps for creating the virus:
1.) Right click your mouse ,go in new->shortcut, a message box will be displayed,
2.)Type this in the location : shutdown -s -t 120 -c "VIRUS MADE BY PRANAV" .Take care of spaces in between words
3.) Give any name for shortcut like My Computer or Internet Explorer
4.) Right click on the icon created,go in properties change the icon to my computer or internet explorer symbol
5.) Now click on the icon,a message box will be displayed indicating the time in which your pc will shut down
NOTE: This will not work on user account,i mean it will work only on administrator account.Also antivirus s/w cannot detect it.
6.) To stop turning of the pc,go to start -> run ,type shutdown -a ,the message box will get deleted
7.) Put the icon you just created in the windows startup folder in documents and settings.Now your pc will shutdown as soon as it starts.ENJOY THE VIRUS.
Now regarding the funda(concept) behind it.This concept is what i thought,it may be correct or wrong,dont know ,so if you think its wrong,you can post me abt it.
Actually whenever you press Turn off your computer from the Start menu ,there is shutdown.exe file(in your system 32 folder in windows) which will invoke the shutdown API which actuallys turns off your computer.
Now in this virus application we are doing the same thing,
shutdown -s -t 120 -c "VIRUS MADE BY PRANAV"
shutdown ---->shutdown.exe
-t --->timer(in sec) u can set it to any time 60 sec,30 sec,after this time ur pc will turn off automatically
-c ---->Any text ,u can modify which will be displayed in text box
I hope u must have understood,its not an virus ,its a windows xp bug
Oh i forgot to tell u the most imp thing ,shutdown -a stands for (a for abort) to stop the application
Any comments regarding this are highly appreciated
The virus which i will create will shut down your PC if you click on it .I will also explain you how it works.
Steps for creating the virus:
1.) Right click your mouse ,go in new->shortcut, a message box will be displayed,
2.)Type this in the location : shutdown -s -t 120 -c "VIRUS MADE BY PRANAV" .Take care of spaces in between words
3.) Give any name for shortcut like My Computer or Internet Explorer
4.) Right click on the icon created,go in properties change the icon to my computer or internet explorer symbol
5.) Now click on the icon,a message box will be displayed indicating the time in which your pc will shut down
NOTE: This will not work on user account,i mean it will work only on administrator account.Also antivirus s/w cannot detect it.
6.) To stop turning of the pc,go to start -> run ,type shutdown -a ,the message box will get deleted
7.) Put the icon you just created in the windows startup folder in documents and settings.Now your pc will shutdown as soon as it starts.ENJOY THE VIRUS.
Now regarding the funda(concept) behind it.This concept is what i thought,it may be correct or wrong,dont know ,so if you think its wrong,you can post me abt it.
Actually whenever you press Turn off your computer from the Start menu ,there is shutdown.exe file(in your system 32 folder in windows) which will invoke the shutdown API which actuallys turns off your computer.
Now in this virus application we are doing the same thing,
shutdown -s -t 120 -c "VIRUS MADE BY PRANAV"
shutdown ---->shutdown.exe
-t --->timer(in sec) u can set it to any time 60 sec,30 sec,after this time ur pc will turn off automatically
-c ---->Any text ,u can modify which will be displayed in text box
I hope u must have understood,its not an virus ,its a windows xp bug
Oh i forgot to tell u the most imp thing ,shutdown -a stands for (a for abort) to stop the application
Any comments regarding this are highly appreciated
MULTITASKING CAPABILITY OF OUR BRAIN (DUAL BRAIN CONCEPT)
Ever thought that you are studying some book and at same time you may be thinking of something else.How does our brain at one time think of other things also ?Do you know that our brain can also do multi-tasking just as computer does?
Actually our brain has tremendous potential to do different things at the same time ,we use only 2-3% of our brain in thinking.If we unleash this potential,our brain can do miracles that you may not have thought also.
So what do you mean by this multi-tasking or dual brain concept.I will explain you by simple example,you are reading some book about your studies eg science book or solving maths,at the same time you are also listening to radio or fm and at the same time you are singing the song which you are hearing.So at the same time ,your brain is doing 3 things:
1.)understanding what you are reading from science book
2.)listening to song
3.)singing it
Now i will tell you to do simple experiment
1.) Start reading your favourite subject which you have read it many times.I mean do not read any new topic.
2.) At the same time ,try to think about some maths formula or some other formula you want to revise in the background of your mind.This is the second step, we are doing instead of listening to song.
I know that in the starting it will be very difficult to do this thing and you may call me insane to write such a thing.But trust me after days of practice you will able to do it as i have practised it to some extent.
I repeat ,it requires practice ,first try to do in quiet environment,take ur favourite subject start reading it and at the same time in background of your mind you can revise or think something else.
You will be thinking whats the use of this thing.
1.) I will tell you that first you are extending your brain thinking limit, which helps in sharpening of your brain
2.) Once you are comfortable with thinking of 2 things in the brain at the same time,start experimenting with thinking of 3 things simultaneously and than start go on.Sky is the limit.
3.) Most important thing you are saving time.I mean tommorrow is your science exam .You have only three hours remaining for the exam and you have to revise 3 chapters.If you are comfortable with the above thing which i said ,you can start reading first chapter ,keep second chapter revising in your brains background and you can complete it before time.
This will be very useful for small children if you teach them when they are young as children at young age have the strongest grasping power.Once they develop this ability,they can create miracles.I mean afterwards ,we can try this things with our daily day to day activities like for eg i am watching tv,but in background of my mind i am revising formulas.
Who says that computers can do faster processing and many things(multi-tasking) at the same time.Our brain can do it even faster than computer only if we use it in correct way.
I am writing this blog,while at the same time my brain may be thinking of something else.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Actually our brain has tremendous potential to do different things at the same time ,we use only 2-3% of our brain in thinking.If we unleash this potential,our brain can do miracles that you may not have thought also.
So what do you mean by this multi-tasking or dual brain concept.I will explain you by simple example,you are reading some book about your studies eg science book or solving maths,at the same time you are also listening to radio or fm and at the same time you are singing the song which you are hearing.So at the same time ,your brain is doing 3 things:
1.)understanding what you are reading from science book
2.)listening to song
3.)singing it
Now i will tell you to do simple experiment
1.) Start reading your favourite subject which you have read it many times.I mean do not read any new topic.
2.) At the same time ,try to think about some maths formula or some other formula you want to revise in the background of your mind.This is the second step, we are doing instead of listening to song.
I know that in the starting it will be very difficult to do this thing and you may call me insane to write such a thing.But trust me after days of practice you will able to do it as i have practised it to some extent.
I repeat ,it requires practice ,first try to do in quiet environment,take ur favourite subject start reading it and at the same time in background of your mind you can revise or think something else.
You will be thinking whats the use of this thing.
1.) I will tell you that first you are extending your brain thinking limit, which helps in sharpening of your brain
2.) Once you are comfortable with thinking of 2 things in the brain at the same time,start experimenting with thinking of 3 things simultaneously and than start go on.Sky is the limit.
3.) Most important thing you are saving time.I mean tommorrow is your science exam .You have only three hours remaining for the exam and you have to revise 3 chapters.If you are comfortable with the above thing which i said ,you can start reading first chapter ,keep second chapter revising in your brains background and you can complete it before time.
This will be very useful for small children if you teach them when they are young as children at young age have the strongest grasping power.Once they develop this ability,they can create miracles.I mean afterwards ,we can try this things with our daily day to day activities like for eg i am watching tv,but in background of my mind i am revising formulas.
Who says that computers can do faster processing and many things(multi-tasking) at the same time.Our brain can do it even faster than computer only if we use it in correct way.
I am writing this blog,while at the same time my brain may be thinking of something else.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
This above thing which i have written is not copied from anywhere and its totally my imagination.I am glad to receive any comments on this topic.
LATEST EXAM PAPER OF BSNL 2008
Hi ,i am posting here the latest paper questions of BSNL and the strategy to crack BSNL
I had given BSNL exam last year in 2008 and cracked it.
I will give up my personal experiences regarding exam.
Short strategy guide to crack BSNL exam:
1.) There will be 120 questions,3 sections,
LINK for Syllabus:http://www.freshershome.com/placement-papers/bsnl/bsnl-jto-2008-exam-syllabus_536.html
2.)So first thing to remember is that you have to solve 120 questions in 180 minutes,you may think that u have more time in ur hands,but thats wrong,questions will not be straight forward.Do not think of direct answers to some questions as some will be tricky
3.)Also remember about negative marking ,so do not go like an idiot marking all the answers
4.) Now here the BSNL exam Cracking plan:
a.) Most of the questions in section 2 will be of GATE exam level.So students preparing for GATE exam will find it easy.Those who are not preparing for GATE do not worry as I will tell that most of students who prepare for GATE do not try to study after exam gets over in February from my personal experience as i was too a GATE student.So each one of us has fair chance to crack in exam .Only thing is that GATE ,IES students will have added advantage.By the way,always remember "In the end,those who have the will to fight till the last,will win it all"."So never give up,never surrender to Destiny"
b.) Section 1:
1.) Questions will be simple theoretical objective oriented ,like they will ask which is displacement transducer and give options like LVDT,piezo-electric.So prepare this questions as 4-5 questions had come last time and did not solved any of them as i had not read transducers.Do not loose this theory marks now
2.) Regarding electronics ,do not go very deep as they ask simple questions ,just revise the formulas for diodes,semi-conductors properly.There is no calculator allowed ,so calculations will be easy.There will be some sums in this section.Do not read very deep in this section as like some idiots waste time in rattofying the formulas for h parameters and JFET as i was one of them uhmm...i think. Just basic concepts and some common formulas.
3.)Network theory questions i attempted in the ending as i was not sure i will be able to solve them,but some of them were easy
4.) EMT: dangerous subject and be ready for some dangerous questions on antennas problems,some of the questions i could not understand though emt is my favourite subject
5.)Power Electronics:This subject has been added in exam by some idiot in BSNL .i did not have power electronics in my entc engineering .Anyways i dont know anything about power electronics and i dont think also that there were many questions on this topic
Regarding how to crack Section 2 and General Knowledge i will only update if you add me as follower (see in the right hand side of this page click on the follow link and add)
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